Australian Family Law Essay -- Family Law

In this day and age there are some(prenominal) variations of what constitutes a couple or family in comparison to many years ago. Long ago the idea of a nuclear family was considered the norm it consisted of the conventional husband, wife and children . But as our society progressed through the years this exposition became less conventional and criticisms were made, this definition of family did not account for gay unions, soul parents nor did it acknowledge the prevalence of extended family. The definition of family has changed over time, as have the socially defined roles of m separates and fathers. Within these varied family units, situations occur in which divorces and separations take place and a lot of the times these tricky situations may involve children, which can create an already tricky situation even more problematic. There are pieces of legislation which are in place which aim to protect the best interests of a child during the time their parents are going through div orce but sometimes these avenues can be more problematic and ultimately destroy unions whereas other avenues of dispute resolution such as mediation, albeit with its own criticisms, helps to keep relationships afoot in that it provides an opportunity for peaceful and mutual agreements to be made in a more located back environment.In the majority rule of Australias Constitution Act s 51, powers of the Commonwealth Parliament to legislate on family law subjects is laid out, it states The Parliament shall, subject to the Constitution, have power to make laws for the peace, order, and good government of the Commonwealth with respect to (xxi) Marriage (xxii) Divorce and matrimonial causes and relation thereto, parental rights and the hold and guardianship of inf... ...amily Law, 4th edn, Lexis Nexis, AustraliaMcDonald, P 1984, Can The Family Survive? - Change in Australia, Discussion Paper no. 11, Australian Institute of Family Studies, accessed 10 April 2012 http//www.aifs.gov.au/in stitute/pubs/dp11.htmlCommonwealth of Australia Constitution Act s 51, Prepared 2003, Accessed 3 April 2012, http//fedlaw.gov.au/comlaw/comlaw.nsf/440c19285821b109ca256f3a001d59b7/57dea3835d797364ca256f9d0078c087/$FILE/ConstitutionAct.pdfCommonwealth Consolidated Acts, Family Law Act 1975, Australasian Legal Information Institute (Austlii), http//www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/fla1975114/ Goode v Goode (2006) FamCA 1346 (http//www.familylawwebguide.com.au/attachment.php?id=43&keep_session=21863255)Marriage Act 1961 (Cth)Family Law Act 1975(Cth)s 60Is 60CCs 60CC (3)(a)s 60CE61DAs 65DAA

Pynchons Gravitys Rainbow Essay -- Pynchon Gravitys Rainbow Essays

Pynchons Gravitys Rainbow Thomas Ruggles Pynchon was born in 1937 in Glens Cove, New York. He is the author of V., The exacting of Lot 49, Gravitys Rainbow, Slow Learner, Vineland, and Mason & Dixon. Nothing else is known of this author (not exactly true, but close enough to the truth to make that last blanket relation passable). He has attempted to veil himself in total obscurity and anonymity. For the most part, he has succeeded in this, save for a rare interview or two. In 1974 he received the National Book Award for Gravitys Rainbow. He would have been awarded The Pulitzer Prize as well, but his blatant disregard for narrative sequence conduct to a rift between the judges and the editorial board. Ultimately, the book was not selected. In fact, no book was chosen that year in the Fiction Category, the commencement (and only) time a work of fictionalisation did not receive the award. The controversy that followed was considerable. Keeping this in mind, any attem pt at an expurgated plot abridgment is laughable at best, therefore will be somewhat refrained from. However, given the brevity of this paper, it is possible to address the setting(s), the chief protagonist, and some interpretations concerning the title of this book. The setting is military man War II, and England is being devastated by Hitlers revenge weapon, the V-2 rocket. In response to this, two organizations, ACHTUNG--Allied Clearing House, Technical Units, Northern Germany and PISCES--Psychological Intelligence Schemes For Expediting Surrender, embark on a betoken which will carry them across the world in order to find a solution for this dilemma. Thats about as simple as it gets a cursory analysis of this story is comparable to trying t... ...y) that pools all of these colors together. The colors could represent the varying aspects and cultures contained within the Human Race. The choices presented both in the title and in the story itself create a vast lab yrinth, much in the way Borges conceives the workings of an elaborate universe. This book is not for everyone. It is the most convoluted, non-linear, contradictory work of fiction I have ever encountered. It is also one of the most hysterical, challenging, harrowing, brilliant and beautiful. Pynchon clearly affirms Eliots assertion that fiction and poetry moldiness be difficult in order to capture the difficult modern world. Reading this work becomes a metaphor for examining life which exists on a disruptive continuum. From this book alone, Thomas Pynchon must be considered as one of the most important voices in 20th-Century literature.

A Brief Analysis of The Steel Industry Essays -- Industry

Steel IndustryIn the early part of this century was a time when industry was booming with growth or so the installation of major railroads. With this growth came the transatlantic cable, the telegraph, and a whole lot of steel. Steel would be necessitate in the construction of these new exile systems and communications were now possible between businesses and industries. (Wren, 2005)This paper will first discuss the nurture of the steel industry. Next, it will examine steel, and in the impact it had on the transportation industry. Finally, it will discuss systematic management practices of this time and how they gave birth to the scientific approach that is still in use today.SteelThe steel industry was needed for almost everything. Alfred D Chandler Jr. could see the potential market value early on. According to WrenChandler traced the history of various firms and delineated four phases in the history of the large U.S. enterprise 1.The initial expansion and accumulati on of resources2.The rationalization of the use of resources3.The expansion into new markets and lines to help assure the full use of resources 4.The development of a new structure that rationalized the renewal of growth. For many companies, the phases started and ended at different times, depending on the state of technology and the firms ability to act and capitalize on market opportunities. Chandler further noted two facets of industrial growth1.Horizontal growth from 1879 to 1893- which occurred when producers of similar fields combined through mergers, pools, or trusts to gain economies of scale, and 2.Vertical growth from 1898 to 1904- which occurred when firms moved backward or forward in ter... ...vents/pande01.htmlEnglish Online. (Ed.). (n.d.). The Industrial Revolution. Retrieved April 23, 2012, from English-online.com Web set http//www.english-online.at/history/industrial-revolution/industrial-revolution-manufacturing.htmHistory.com. (Ed.). (n.d.). Andrew Car negie. Retrieved April 23, 2012, from History.com Web site http//www.history.com/topics/andrew-carnegieKernsanalysis.com. (Ed.). (n.d.). An Overview of Management. Retrieved April 24, 2012, from Fredrick Taylor Scientific Management Web site http//www.kernsanalysis.com/sjsu/ise250/history.htmVectorstudy.com. (Ed.). (2008). Henri Fayol Management Gurus. Retrieved April 25, 2012, from Vector Study.com Web site http//www.vectorstudy.com/management_gurus/henri_fayol.htmWren. (2005). The History of Management Thought (5th ed.). Danvers, MA Wiley & Sons. (Original work published 1976)

Growth of Mormon Church Essay -- Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day

On, April 6, 1830, a then 24-year-old young man named Joseph Smith Jr. gathered in a small room along with six other people to organize a Church that would change American history. Since the age of 14, Joseph Smith had forever been a source of contentment and ridicule by people of all social classes and religions. Ten years earlier, in the spring of 1820, this young boy stated that he had seen a vision, that he had been visited by both God, and His Son, Jesus rescuer.This vision is a cornerstone of the Church that is known today as, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, nicknamed the Mormons, a religion that was built on the ideals of communal living and strict obedience to religious guidelines, a people that would be hunted by mobs, and that would eventually erect a sanctuary of 15,000 saints only 13 years after its foundation, a religion that Joseph Smith and his brother Hyrum would be murdered for at the age of 38, a Church that would grow from 7 members in 1830, to a congregation of over 11 million in the year 2000. Why did numerous early American settlers, both rich and poor, believe in the Mormon doctrines and, by contrast, why did so many early settlers despise these people for their beliefs? In order for us to understand how the early Mormon Church grew at such a rapid pace, and why this particular new religion survived when many others started with the same fervor, but did not have the staying power of Mormonism, we have to first look at the time and region in which this new faith began. I dont know if there could have been a time and place any where in the world that was more prepared for Joseph Smith Jr., and the Mormon religion, than western new York in the early 1830s. At this time in U.S. history, what was called the Second Great Awakening was taking place throughout the country, and western New York had been labeled the Burned-over District by a lawyer from New York, named Charles Finney, because it had been scorched by the flames of religious enthusiasm. Revivals and religious fervor were taking hold, and many new denominations were universe formed, this area of the country became famous for its history of revivalism, radicalism, utopian experiments. It was fertile ground for new ideas to take root and spread to other parts of the country. Joseph Smith was up to(p) to capitalize on this when he founded the LDS Church ... ...wakening andRise of Evangelicalism, 15 February 2005, http//xroads.virginia.edu/MA95/finseth/evangel.htmlBrodie, Fawn McKay. No Man Knows My History, The Life of Joseph Smith, TheMormon Prophet. New York A.A. Knopf, 1945.Joseph Smith-History Extracts From the History of Joseph Smith, The Prophet.Utah confederacy of the President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-daySaints, 1979.Mississippi River Home Page, Mormons in the Midwest, 1830-1846, 15 February2005, http//www.greatriver.com/mormons.htmNational Humanities Center, Evangelicalism, Revivalism, and the Second GreatAwakening, 15 February 2005,http//www.nhc.rtp.nc.us/tserve/nineteen/nkeyinfo/nevanrev.htmPublic Broadcast Service. American Prophet The Story of Joseph Smith. 15 February 2005, http//www.pgs.org/americanprophet/index.html.San Diego University History Department, The Burned-Over District, 15 February 2005,http//history.sandiego.edu/gen/civilwar/01/burned.htmlThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 15 February 2005, http//www.lds.org/The National pose Service, Mormon Pioneer, 15 February 2005, http//www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/mopi/hrs1.htm

Teaching Philosophy :: Free Essays Online

Teaching Philosophy My teaching philosophy is that teachers need to unite the concepts that students ingest to the world around them. Students attend an educational institution to prepare for future employment and to enter the real world. The basic skills that are needed to survive in society are taught in the classroom like reading and writing, but students must also be taught that the concepts that they are learning in the classroom entrust prepare them for the rest of their lives. The concepts that a student is learning must affect his or her life directly. To be more specific, students should be able to feel as if the subject matter that he or she is learning is somehow related to them and has an affect on the world that they live in. Students need to be able to relate to their school work to supplement further engagement. The more that a student feels they can relate to a specific subject, the stronger the possibility that the student will go by to be eager to learn the subject. For example, in an English classroom, students should be able to see themselves in an aspect of the literature they are reading. A group of one-seventh graders may have a hard time relating to a book about someone who is 5 years younger then them, but they may be eager to find similarities between themselves and a character that just happens to be of the same age. Showing your students that you bursting charge about their world allows your students to see that you care about them. If a teacher cares enough to relate the subject matter to a situation that may be occurring in his or her students lives, then the student will appreciate it. It motivates a student to excel and makes the teacher seem more approachable to the students. For example, the teacher should chose

Job Satisfaction Essay -- Job Mastery, Job Control

This research was conducted to assess the relationship between selected demographics, tune mastery, and job mirth. A total 6,902 participants were gathered from the telephone and Internet provider BellSouth. A significant relationship was found between age and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction was as well significantly correlated with years spent with the company. Significant differences were found between gender and job satisfaction, as well as take aim of education and job satisfaction. These findings suggest that as age and years spent with the company increase job satisfaction also increases and job satisfaction may depend upon the level of education of the employee. The Relationship between Specific Demographic Variables, Job Mastery, and Job SatisfactionJob satisfaction serves as important factor in up non only the general happiness of employees, but also enhancing the work performance. For these reasons, psychologists and employers alike have studied the factors that may effect overall(a) job satisfaction among employees. For example, previous research has found a negative significant relationship between social stressors and job satisfaction (Harris, Harvey, & Kacmar, 2009). This research signified that as the social stressors of employment decreased the job satisfaction of the employee increased. Although this research was beneficial in the implication of increasing job satisfaction of employees, previous research in evaluating separate factors effecting job satisfaction has non been as successful. Previous research evaluating the relationship between specific demographic factors and job satisfaction has been inconclusive (Scott, Swortzel, & Taylor, 2005). However, Harris et al. (2009) ... ... week, so that all employees would have a chance to complete the survey and the data could not be linked to the shift that the employee worked. ResultsFrequencies were preformed on call waiting, party id, Internet, and multiple lines. Results indicated that 58.40% of employees did not own multiple telephone lines and 41.60% of employees did own multiple lines. Similar results were found for caller id and call waiting. Frequencies revealed that 48.40% of employees did not own caller ids and 51.6% of employees did own caller ids. Frequencies also indicated that 49.10% of employees did not have call waiting and 50.90% did have call waiting. The most surprising information provided by frequencies was the lack of employees who had Internet. Results indicated that only 26.10% of BellSouth employees had Internet, while 70.00% of employees did not have Internet.

Job Satisfaction Essay -- Job Mastery, Job Control

This research was conducted to assess the human race among selected demographics, job mastery, and job satisfaction. A total 6,902 participants were gathered from the telephone and Internet provider BellSouth. A epochal relationship was arrange between age and job satisfaction. joke satisfaction was also significantly correlated with years spent with the company. Significant differences were found between gender and job satisfaction, as well as level of education and job satisfaction. These findings suggest that as age and years spent with the company sum up job satisfaction also increases and job satisfaction may depend upon the level of education of the employee. The Relationship between Specific Demographic Variables, Job Mastery, and Job SatisfactionJob satisfaction serves as important factor in improving non only the general happiness of employees, but also enhancing the educate performance. For these reasons, psychologists and employers alike have studied the factors t hat may effect overall job satisfaction among employees. For example, previous research has found a negative significant relationship between social stressors and job satisfaction (Harris, Harvey, & Kacmar, 2009). This research signified that as the social stressors of employment decreased the job satisfaction of the employee increased. Although this research was beneficial in the implication of increasing job satisfaction of employees, previous research in evaluating other factors effecting job satisfaction has not been as successful. Previous research evaluating the relationship between specific demographic factors and job satisfaction has been inconclusive (Scott, Swortzel, & Taylor, 2005). However, Harris et al. (2009) ... ... week, so that all employees would have a chance to complete the survey and the data could not be linked to the shift that the employee worked. ResultsFrequencies were preformed on remember waiting, caller id, Internet, and multiple lines. Results indica ted that 58.40% of employees did not own multiple telephone lines and 41.60% of employees did own multiple lines. Similar results were found for caller id and call waiting. Frequencies revealed that 48.40% of employees did not own caller ids and 51.6% of employees did own caller ids. Frequencies also indicated that 49.10% of employees did not have call waiting and 50.90% did have call waiting. The most surprising information provided by frequencies was the lack of employees who had Internet. Results indicated that only 26.10% of BellSouth employees had Internet, while 70.00% of employees did not have Internet.

Organizational Focus and Goals Essay

What is the governing bodys on-going focus?What atomic number 18 the organizations overarching goals?The authoritative focus of blue angel bumble Blue resistances is to provide the best quality insurance to their members. Also, it is time for an open enrollment period for their current members, or difficult to scram new members to come to Blue crisscross Blue Shields. The organizations overarching goals are to provide its members with the lowest premium cost, but providing the most insurance coverage for the least amount.What are the organizations training needs?How do they relate to the overarching goals?The training needs of the organization lies solely on the type of job severally associate. The needs of the organization testament be the focus of how the associates will train. During this time, associates will learn how to provide the best member care, and to ensure their members are happy and hand the coverage he or she requested. The relation to the overarching goals of Blue Cross Blue Shields is providing the best quality insurance for their members, new members, and provides the best quality customer service.What effect does the organizations focus and goals have on prioritizing the type and amount of training?The effect is directly associated with the needs and focus of the organization. The employees are directed by training with specific guidelines, and individual one on one communication to answer any questions. Employees will have the option to take upcoming classes to assist with member needs and the workers current job.IntroductionFor this assignment there is information regarding organizational focus and goals. The organization discussed is about Blue Cross Blue Shields. An organization as large as this needs to ensure all goals and focus are prioritized accurately. Also, this paper discusses the training needs of Blue Cross Blue Shields. Listed in paper are the topics of how Blue Cross Blue Shields prioritizes their focus. Blue Cro ss Blue Shields has more than 105 million members-1-3- Americans rely on Blue Cross Blue Shield companies for access to safe, quality, and affordable healthcare (Blue Cross, 2014). How would you prioritize specific training needs based on the organizations needs and current focus?Depending on the present situation of the company, the current focus of training will be specifically related to the needs. Focus and needs of the members needs to be top of the list, and making sure employees are properly trained to assist those needs. Setting up monthly meetings with employees to ensure the focus of its members, and there needs get met. Why must you consider the organizations overarching goals when prioritizing training?In order for an organization to continue to be a success, it is crucial that overarching goals, and members needs get met. The better the care of its members the more he, or she is willing to stay with Blue Cross Blue Shields, and new members will follow. Everyone wants to ensure his or her insurance needs get met, and are not paying for an excessive amount for coverage. The most important aspect of Blue Cross Blue Shields is to ensure their members are happy, and provided the best customer care to fulfill their needs.ConclusionEvery organization has there own way of how their focus and goals are prioritized. Blue Cross Blue Shields remains focused on giving the proper training to their employees, to better serve their members. It is important for Blue Cross Blue Shields to stay focused, as well as meet their own goals while providing proper care to their members. With all this in mind the proper steps taken can improve training employees and member care.ReferencesQuestions Courtesy of University of Phoenix. (2014). Organizational Goals and Focus. Blue Cross Blue Shield Association. (2014). Retrieved from http//www. About Blue Cross BlueShield Association.

Acceptance Speech †Martin Luther King Essay

Acceptance Speech Martin Luther mogul was an African American activist and leader who dedicated his life to fighting for equal rights for coloured state in America. Grown up in a Baptist family, Christianity held a huge fascination for Martin Luther King, which is often reflected in his speeches. In 1964, he received the Nobel Peace cabbage for his achievements in the struggle for equality and independence for coloured people. When receiving the awarfared, Martin Luther King expresses his appreciation by a speech in Oslo.This speech is slightly different to his early(a) speeches such as I have a dream or Eulogy as he uses less metaphors and alliterations and non only focuses on racial discrimination in the United States of America. He uses high vocabulary, as he speaks to a highly educated non-American audience in a humble tone. Martin Luther King begins his speech with the words The rambling road which has led from Montgomery to Alabama to Oslo This can be classified as a meta phor, as tortuous road emphasizes that Negros had to suffer humiliation, exploitation and oppression for many years. But this road gave new hope to the people in the United States, as it is said in the speech This road has opened for all Americans a new era of progress and hope. This is an extended metaphor that appears throughout the whole paragraph, as he goes on with a superhighway of injustice. These words show that the civil rights movement cant be stopped anymore and forget finally commence justice for Negros.Throughout the speech many alliteration occur such asfaith in the future or bright daybreak of peace of mind and brotherhood. These examples show that alliterations point attention to the sentence and help to fix the refs mind. It then goes on with the simile Man is more flotsam and jetsam in the river of life. By these words Martin Luther King wants to emphasize that it is possible for everybody to change something in the world, despite the fact that people do non have the same opinion.Later he says I refuse to feature the view that mankind is so tragically bound to Starless midnight of racism and war that the bright daybreak of peace and brotherhood can never become a reality. By metaphor starless midnight of racism Martin Luther King wants to maneuver was considerate to something unsolvable or unchangeable. By the words bright daybreak of peace and brotherhood, he which is also a metaphor, he emphasizes thatpeace and brotherhood will finally be achieved. However, hese metaphor are very effective as they make the abstract or unknown concrete but it also enlivens the readers imagination. This sentence can also closely be classified as a balanced sentence, as Martin Luther King tells us what to do and what not to do. However, this helps to persuade the audience so stand up for their rights. Throughout the speech many anaphoras occur such as I refuse to accept or I believe that. This rhetorical device emphasizes Martin Luther Kings aim for e qual rights all over the world.Later on it says I refuse to accept the idea that the is-ness of mans present nature makes him morally incapable of reaching up for the eternal ought-ness that forever confronts him. Martin Luther King had a vision for how things ought to be. He shows us to refuse to accept things for how they are, and instead strive to find the solution for how they ought to be. Martin Luther King will always remain one of the most influential and great freedom fighters in the world. Though his commitment and persuasion, he achieved a lot for Afro American people in the USA.

Estimating the Iron(II) content in an iron tablet using a standard solution of potassium manganate (VII) Essay

Calculating the amount of iron(II) presentThe iron was oxidized from its 2+ state to 3+ by sulfuric sourAnd the manganate iron was reduced as followsThis half equation is balanced as followsSince the above equation involves the transfer of five electrons, the equation involving iron needs to be multiplied by five before the two half equations can be added to lounge aroundherAdding the two half equationsThis simplifies toThis equation shows that for every five present, one is required for the reaction to be completed.19.1ml of potassium manganate solution was use for titration. From this the amount of manganate ions used can be calculated as followsAmount of present = plenteousness of present =Since the book of solution used was 25cm3, one-tenth of the summation solution made from the five iron tablets, the above calculation shows that. Dividing this value by 5, we get 53.3mg of Fe present in each tablet.We may also calculate the amount of Iron(II) Sulfate are present in each table t hoagie mint candy of Iron(II) Sulfate, FeSO4 55.8+32+164 = 151.8g/molAmount of FeSO4 present/5 tabletsThe mass of the five iron tablets was measured to be 1.552g0.0001. Dividing this value by five gives 0.310g per tablet, or 310mg. This means that the percentage of Iron(II)Sulfate present in each tablet in mass is as followsUncertainties calculationPercentage uncertainty for pipette reading === mass of iron (II) solution used = 25ml0.05Percentage uncertainty for burette reading === Volume of potassium manganate used = 19.1ml0.05Adding the percentage uncertainties together, the overall uncertainty is 0.462%. Converting this to the uncertainty of the total amount of iron sulfate present, we obtainThus, the total amount of iron sulfate can be said to be 145mg0.670Literature value for mass of Iron Sulfate present in one tablet is 160mg. The percentage error of the experimental results can olibanum be calculated as followsConverting this into authoritative error in the amount of ir on, we obtainThus, the total amount of iron sulfate with respect to its error value can be said to be 145mg13.6.ConclusionIn this investigation it was found through calculations that each of the iron tablet contained approximately 145mg of Iron (II) Sulfate. This is 15mg less than the listed amount of 160mg on the package, or 10% less than the literature value. This may have happened because some of the crushed tablets were left behind in the plaster. Another possible reason is that some of the iron in the iron (II) solution deposited in the bottom of the volumetric flask. This would mean that the pipette was filled with solution of less iron concentration than the average concentration. This would explain the smaller obtained value.It was also found that the percentage error value was significantly bigger than the percentage uncertainty. This suggests that there was systematic error in this experiment. A possible modal value to solve this problem is to calibrate the burette and p ipette next time before conducting the experiment.EvaluationThis investigation has several flaws in its method. Potassium manganate (VII) solution was used in this experiment to titrate against the iron tablet solution. However, because it readily decomposes into manganese dioxide (MnO2), it is difficult to ever obtain a solution with exact concentration. The result is that the volume of manganate (VII) solution used might have been bigger than necessary due to decreased concentration as a result of decomposition. To minimize this from happening, the solution should be kept in a clean container and exposed to as little light as possible, as the solution decomposes faster under light and dirty container.The obtained result was smaller than literature value, and this may have been because some of the powdered tablet was left in the mortar. To improve the accuracy of this experiment, one should wash the mortar with sulfuric acid or distilled water, which can then be transferred to the volumetric flask. This would allow more of the iron tablet to be contained in the acidic solution, thus increasing the amount of iron present.To extend this investigation, one can experiment on more types of iron tablets. Alternatively, a different content such as calcium or potassium can be investigated. This would require different types of tablets to be used.

Discuss and/or compare the role of women in society in`Trifles`and `Death of salesman`

An Ameri give the axe womans life in the proterozoic 1900s when one-act wager Trifles was written by Susan Glaspell was a whole lot different than what it is today. During that time, women were expected to stay at home while their husbands go to work and garner a living for their families, a noble task which society deemed fit for men in as much as cleaning house, hanging enclothe, homework food, washing dishes, and taking c be of children were noble tasks meant for women. Women were educated, but the education or semblance of which merely served as a superficial credential to make them much attractive potential mates.Society was undoubtedly patriarchal, with wives submission to heir respective husbands taken both as the norm and the biblical good. (Mitchell 23) It was during this time that Glaspell wrote the play about a murder and that crimes subsequent solution through a series of trifles. Even at the start of her play, Glaspell showed the disparity of social class amidst me n and women. One example is the scene at the start of the play where the three male main characters enter the warm farmhouse first before the cardinal women do despite the fact that it was freezing cold outside.This signifies the priority that men assert of their needs oer the needs of their women. It also signifies a sense of women organism beholden to their men, the wives did not complain about the shabby treatment of their husbands of them in the scene, they considered it quite normal to wait until your husband enters a house before you yourself can do so. Another was one of the male characters constant mockeries of womanish concerns. That character, Mr. sound, trivialized the many details of the tasks that women in that era were responsible for by using the words women are used to worrying about trifles. By trifles, Mr.Hale meant the junior-grade, seemingly nonessential details that his wife and all other wives as can be concluded from his relish are always fussing over. He complains that his and Mr. Peters wives worries about unkempt state, pots, bread, and other kitchen items scattered about, about Mrs. Wrights preserves being frozen and cracked are of no significance to the problem at hand, which was the murder of Mr. Wright. Here we see that not only were women being expected to be obedient, to stay at home and do the chores, but they were being ridiculed by men for being careful and mindful of the very things that husbands expect their wives to do.Mr. Hale n eer takes into consideration that it is his wifes worries over the things that he considers as Triffles that lets him go home to a warm meal and a clean bed forevery single day, that gives him fresh, neatly ironed clothes every morning and not to mention a home cooked lunch. This mockery and ignorance show how little of a value society at that time genuinely placed on the tasks of a woman that it has expected of her. Another important detail that could be observed in the play was how women were indeed smarter than men gave them realisation for.The wives of the 2 main characters eventually solve the mystery of the murder where their husbands failed. The women do so through investigating the very same trifles that the men ridicule them for. Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale found the quilting that Mrs. Wright was working on, and takes note that the sudden change in the quality of the stitching may connote that something had happened that upset Mrs. Wright. They found a mixed-up bird cage and wondered if there was a bird, and then finally they found a small box upon looking for sewing supplies to take back to Mrs. Wright.The small box contained a bird with its neck wrung. The women put the clues together and decide not to tell their respective husbands, this last part somewhat connoting their preference to resist their husbands solid proof regarding the murder of Mr. Wright to which Mrs. Wright stood accused. The play portrayed the men as blind to the clues that the women we re able to find, this stressed the inequality between men and women even more, show that although women could be just as smart as or even smarter than their male counterparts, their roles in society were still below those of their husbands.The final aspect of the play that is connected with women at that time was the portrayal of Mrs. Wright. From the discussions among the other characters it was apparent that Mrs. Wright lived a stressful existence under the rule of her husband. Her husband was described as a difficult man, and the character of Mrs. Wright was implied to spend a penny endured years of abuse because of it. This last portrayal concretizes the marginalization of women during those times.It leaves to the viewers to connect the irony of how a woman who hadbeen subjected to years of debasement from a man who supposedly vowed to love and cherish her is in danger of suffering one last injustice, to be held intrial for the murder of the very man who had all in(p) the lif e out of her. Decades later since the first showing of Trifles in 1916, Arthur Miler wrote what would be later known as a classic of American Theater. Death Of A Salesman which was first shown in 1949 was not primarily about women, but about how one mans delusion and desperation caused the degradation of his family and his dignity.However, this mans wife who was the main female character in the play showed very vivid portrayals of whether the concept of woman had evolved. Lindas characterization in the play fares women no better than the women characters in Triffles. Linda Loman from Death Of A Salesman was yet another disheartened housewife who still kept fulfilling the usual tasks due to an American housewife. She is loving, condole with, understanding and ever obedient to her husband, Willy Loman who never fails to tell her to shut up whenever she puts a word out of line.Lindas insights and intelligence are a lot more that Willy is characterized as having, but her unfaltering de votion towards him prevented her from using her wits to save her family because she knew that such an act would rob her husband of the glory that in that era made men, men. The scenes that touch on private conversations with her sons showed Lindas brilliance and common sense, a common sense that diminishes in scenes of Linda speaking with her husband wherein she plays stupid with her responses usually limited to Yes expert. or what, Dear? . In conclusion, we say that both plays had feminist ideals embedded in them.Both plays portrayed the injustice being done to women and how these women of the past coped with such injustice. The time between the releases of these two plays connotes the period when these literature were written as struggling times for women. These years marked the birthing of a generation of women who would finally wise up and start to take their rightful place in society as mens equals. The plays were evidence that some women already knew what was happening, an d that these women were eager to spread the word of female liberalism which would later be known as feminism.These plays exposed that the treatment of women as housebound cleaners, babysitters, and cooks while at the same time failing to give right(a) recognition for these tasks and the women who did them was unacceptable. (Mitchell 85) The play showcased a womans abilities and strengths despite living in a mans world. It showed that a woman can and forget exceed a man if she chooses to. It scolds the women who have not yet awakened by portraying characters that resemble them. The battered and abused who are the Mrs. Wrights, and the smart, loving and caring yet neglected, unappreciated and frustrated Linda Lohans.These women represent those who cannot fight back, or those who think that what is being done to them is proper. These characters call out to those women and show them how pathetic theyve become in an attempt to jolt them out of it and make them take a stand. American wo men have come a long way since these two pieces of literature they have made countless others and are continuing to make them to date. They have gained much ground in their battle for rights and would do all that they can to push ever harder, reach ever higher, and make it ever clearer that no man has a right to make any woman feel that she is below him.

Cooking Green Beans with Salt Essay

Introduction An experiment was conducted where two sets of green beans where cooked. One set had salt and the other one didnt. One person who did non know which set of green beans had salt and which one didnt got to taste and judge both of the sets on taste, texture and color. Chef Heston Blumenthal once asked Why do cooks add on salt (sodium chloride) when cooking vegetables, for example green beans? Other chefs answered with these possible answers * * It keeps the beans green * * It raises the stewing point of peeing so the beans cook faster * * It prevents the beans going overemotional.* * It improves the flavor. However, a scientist likewise replied saying these statements were untrue because * * Only the acidity and calcium content of the water affect the color of the beans * * Adding salt increases the boiling point of water but by such a small amount that it will make no difference to cooking times * * Vegetables will go haphazard if cooked for too long whether salt is added or not * * Little salt is actually absorbed onto the surface of a bean during cooking typically 1/10 000 g of salt per bean which is too little to be tasted by most people.The aim to this experiment was to prove or disprove these points. MaterialsListed down the stairs are the materials used for this experiment * One bag of green beans containing about 250g * Two pans * Two bowls * One stopwatch * One strainer * A faux pas board * A knife * A thermometer * SaltProcedureFirst, the bag of green beans were washed and cut up. Then, they were evenly divided into two bowls bowl A and bowl B.Bowl A had no salt in it and was then put into a pan and observed. The time it took to reach its boiling point and the temperature at boiling point were then noted. After that, the beans were places into a strainer and dried. This was also done with bowl B, except salt was added. DataAfter conducting the experiment, this is the data that was obtained With salt Without salt Taste Tasteful Dull, drilling Texture Soft Crunchy Flavor - -.As you can see, the only thing that didnt change about the beans with salt was the flavor, which stayed the same for both experiments. Conclusion Clearly, after this experiment, we proved the chefs right. Both the texture and taste where better with the salty beans. Some of the limitations where that we only tried this experiment once, therefore it is not 100% correct. We could have also had more people testing it, instead of just one person because there are some factors that could influence the opinion.

Operating System Essay

1. What is the application Zenmap GUI typically employ for? Describe a scenario in which you would use this type of application.Zenmap is an application that is used to s dissolve ports for networks. A scenario where it can be used is to scan the ports of a network to know exactly which ports are opened or closed and so allowing a network administrator to reduce the vulnerability of its network.2. Which application is used for Step 2 in the hacking process to perform a vulnerability appraisal scan? Nessus.3. What must you obtain before you begin the ethical hacking process or penetration examen on a live production network, all the same before performing the reconnaissance step?One must obtain a signed authorization form showing exactly what kind of test you are authorized to perform.4. What is a CVE listing? Who hosts and who sponsors the CVE database listing website?CVE listing is a dictionary of publicly known breeding security vulnerabilities and exposures. IT is hosted by t he Office of Cybersecurity and communications at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security5. Can Zenmap GUI detect which operating systems are present on IP servers and workstations? Which option includes that scan?Yes, the OS detection using TCP/IP stack fingerprinting option includes that scan.6. If you have scanned a live host and detected that it is running Windows XP workstation OS, how would you use this information for performing a Nessus vulnerability assessment scan? One can use this information to create a policy of vulnerabilities that you want Nessus to scan for on that specifichost.7. Once a vulnerability is identified by Nessus, where can you check for more information regarding the identified vulnerability, exploits, and the risk moderateness solution?You can check the report generated by Nessus, specifically in the hostname plugin ID which will give you a detailed description of the vulnerability found along with possible mitigation solutions.8. What is the major re mnant between Zenmap GUI and Nessus?The major difference between Zenmap GUI and Nessus is that Zenmap only a scanner that maps a network and gives you information somewhat open ports but Nessus is a vulnerability scanner than scans a network and gives a report on how vulnerable that specific port is. The main difference is one gives a report on how to fix a vulnerability in a port while the other doesnt.9. Why do you requisite to run both Zenmap GUI and Nessus to perform the firstborn three go of the hacking process?You need both Zenmap GUI and Nessus to perform the first 3 steps of the hacking process because Zenmap GUI and Nessus are used to perform different tasks and steps in the hacking process therefore you would not be able to perform the first 3 steps effectively using only one software. Both are needed.

Creating Web-Based Instructional Materials Essay

INTRODUCTION The World Wide Web (WWW) is changing the way of life we learn and the way we teach. Teaching has embraced the innovative ship tin finishal that WWW can offer to users. WWW allows dynamic and interactive ways of teaching things which are impossible on printed literals. There are on-line courses, on-line tutorials and virtual classrooms. The let on to the success of these teaching institutions that proliferated in the web are the effective instructional solids. WBT is media-rich training fully open(a) of evaluation, adaptation, and remediation that can provide the available tools to organize and deliver fill into well-crafted teaching systems (Tobin & Kesselman, 1999).PURPOSE The part of this enrolment is to create a general guideline in creating web ground instruction materials. The archive will take into understandation the manners that are familiar to the author.GUIDELINESGeneral StepsThe general steps in making web-based instructional materials consist of the following (Clay, Harlan & Swanson, 1997) find out the core competencies to be included the instructional materialDetermine the contents of the instructional material based on the core competencies selected.Deciding the method or strategy used to convey to the users the ideas presented.Developing the instructional material as a word impact document, an audio or a video material.Mounting or up warhead the material into the webProviding the feedback portal for users beta TestingFinal Modification based on feedback, retest and releaseDetermining the core competenciesThe very get-go step is deciding the target core competencies for this instruction material. For example, this instruction material may be intend to teach Basic Algebra, Earth Science or Differential Calculus. This will serve as the address of the web-based instruction material. The intent of the web-based instruction material is to transfer the core competencies from the instruction material to the user. Brainstormi ng and visit existing web based instructional materials are good ways of finding the core competencies.Determining the content afterwards the core competency has been decided, the next step is to produce a structured content. The content should start from the basic principles of the core competencies towards the complicated areas. The structure therefore should be laid out in such a way that it will start from the least severe to understand to the most difficult to understand. The content formatting should also take into account that the pre-requisite topics should be place ahead. This means that for the contents that is ask to understand another set of content, should be placed ahead.Deciding the method or strategyThe method of presentation should be planned before proceeding to the actual development of the material. The method should be based on the target audience of the instructional material. It should be based on the comprehension level of the audience. enlightened audienc e should be given methods that are easy to comprehend such as more images than words. ripe audiences may be presented with more literals than images to maximize the amount of information. Interactive items such as graphs made victimisation either Flash or Java applet technologies should also be considered to convey the relationship between vary variables which can controlled by the user or audience.Developing the Instructional MaterialThe development of the instructional material shall be done in the software that handles editing of html commits or more complex file formats. HyperText Markup Language ( hypertext mark-up language) and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are the format of choice as opposed to adobe printable document format (PDF) or word document format. HTML would be more flexible to incorporate interactive objects such as Java applets or Flash Animations. It is the fastest in equipment casualty of page loading in the web. The presentation editor in chief software m ay consist of the followingMicrosoft FrontPageMicrosoft Word with the proper HTML conversion plugInsHTMLkitMacromedia FlashAdobe PhotoshopOther HTML editors and there a thousand available bounteous software in the webAt the start, images, interactive applets, video clips, audio clips, or animated gifs shall be prepared ahead utilise the appropriate software. Graphics should help to convey information and not salutary be decorative each page should have a clear title and includes headers and footers (Tobin & Kesselman, 1999). Pictures can be scanned using a scanner to convert into images in jpg, gif, png or bmp format. The other alternative is to take pictures forthwith using digital cameras. Video clips can be created using digital cameras with video streaming, or using other digital video rec regularises. Images can be edited using either paint, Microsoft photo editor or more complex image editing tools such as Adobe Photoshop.Interactive applets can be generated using Java Dev elopment Kit which can be loosely downloaded from the web. In order to be able to flow java applets the user PC should have Java Runtime Environment to run java applets, again this can be downloaded for free from the web. Video clips can be prepared using Windows Movie Maker. Animated gifs can be prepared using a number of software free or commercial. These are then integrated into the html file using an html document editor such Microsoft Front Page or HTMLKit. We also need the appropriate sound card and speakers to mind to the audio materials included in the presentation. A summary of all the hardware needed to create instructional materials mentioned above are listed belowPC with Linux or Windows Operating SystemScanner to digitize printed pictures and imagesdigital CameraDigital Video recordersPrintersFlash Disk or Pen DrivesSound Card and loudspeaker systemMounting the Material into the Web The html files can then be uploaded into the website using either FTP upload or si mply using the available upload managers normally provided by web hosting companies. Documents can be linked directly to the directories of the linking page.One of the main aspects when mounting materials into the web is to keep material sizing to minimum. This would help in the uploading process and also in the loading process of the users. We had to think in terms of kilobyte file sizes, not megabytes because delivery over the Web is too slow to expect users to watch around at your web site for large graphics to appear on their screens (Clay, Harlan & Swanson, 1997). This is because we have to consider that there are still a number of users who are using modems as slow as 28.8 kbps.Providing Feedback Portals Feedback portals, or any form or method that would allow users to provide feedback is a very master(prenominal) part of a web-based instruction material. This will provide an easy way to evaluate, test or change using feedback from users.Beta Testing In any form of develo pment, testing is always an integral part. By going through all the possible course of instructions of the web-based instruction material and testing every possible path is essential to insure proper operation of the instruction material. This may also include testing on various web browser tools. Different web browser tools may cause some leg of difference in the presentation of html files. This step also includes proofreading of the entire material. Any bugs, errors or unwished-for features shall be recorder for modification or correction.Final Modification based on Testing, Retest and ReleaseAfter the beta testing, the errors shall be corrected and retested until no errors persist. Finally, it shall then be released with a proper version control.ReferencesClay, S. Harlan, S. and Swanson, J. (1997). continue Web Education. Retrieved from the USCB Library website http//www.library.ucsb.edu/universe/clay.html, on January 16, 2007Tobin, T. and Kesselman, M, (1999). Quantitative a nd Qualitative Approaches to Research. Retrieved from the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions website http//www.ifla.org/IV/ifla65/papers/102-163e.htmJanuary 17, 2007

Anglo Saxon Poetry Of Beowulf English Literature Essay

BeowulfA is the most of import poetise form in Old English and it is the prototypal major verse form in a European lingo linguistic communication, remarkable for its sust ained magnificence of tone and for the glare of its manner, as has been remarked by Margaret Drabble. Beowulf has been categorized as a Primary big by C.S.Lewis. In wide footings, a primary lordly numbers is drawn from the unwritten tale stating tradition as opposed to what Lewis termed as a Secondary Epic which is a planned literary creative activity. A Handbook to Literature defines the undermentioned demands for a literary piece to be classified as an rarefied poemOn the footing of these standards, which shall be examined in the undermentioned paragraphs, Beowulf can safely be characterised into the submarineic poem genre. The hero of Beowulf is a figure of heroic stature . Beowulf s physical stature mirrors his qualities and when we foremost see Beowulf as he arrives from his fatherland Geatland at Scyldings in the land of the Danes, attending is drawn to his stature by the Scylding guard who exclaims that he has neer seen a a mightier baronial, / a larger adult male ( 247-48 ) Beowulf is a hero of heroic potentiality with the effectualness clasp of 30 work forces, who kills nine sea monsters on a swim. Subsequently he establishes his strength by killing G burstel and his female parent. Though immature at the beginning of the verse form, Beowulf has all the devisings of a inviolable leader. He reveals his line of descent to the reader when he mentions his male parent to the guard who is nonsensical about him ( 251 ) . Beowulf in like manner reveals his male parents adduce and the name of his male monarch, Hygelac. On his meeting with King Hrothgar ( 418 ff. ) , we acknowledge that non merely is Beowulf brave and brave but he besides is loyal and has come to refund the unselfishness and kindness of King Hrothgar to his male parent Ecgtheow. He besides divulges th at he has cleansed his fatherland of its enemies and has killed a crime syndicate of giants. Thereafter he shows his strength when he kills the sea monsters while viing with Breca. Beowulf s handling of Unferth ( 529 ) is a farther testimony to the wisdom of the immature hero. By his handling of Unferth, and the maner in which he reminds the assemblage of the certificates of Unferth and how he killed his ain brothers, Beowulf asserts himself even before he confronts Grendel. In the conflict with Grendel, Beowulf displays his accomplishments as an intelligent warrior as he allows Grendel to go across a Geat, while he lies still accessing his enemy. As a consequence of analyzing his enemy he manages to rend Grendel s right claw off from his shoulder socket. He farther strengthens his repute as a worthy and courageous warrior in the mode in which he deals with Grendel s female parent. He besides shows himself as a loyal friend when Hygelac is killed in a conflict, since he does non claim the throne for himself but supports his boy. Merely when Hygelac s boy is killed in a fued does Beowulf go up to the throne. The conflict with the flying dragon in his old age once more proves his strength and him as a good warrior though a few critics found him reckless for non worrying about who would go up him to the throne.Beowulf besides makes the impost of the tools of heroic poems such as asides, addresss, and expeditions. There is besides a mirroring of the unwritten tradition of narrative stating in the text, as we see the scop who chants the occurrences of The Finnsburh Episode ( 1063-1159 ) . The asides though they appear cumbersome were feats of good known heroes and popular narratives. For case the blood-feud level of Finn and the Danes reverberations Cain and Abel in its misrepresentation, craftiness, treachery and disloyalty. The slaying of Finn to revenge the decease of Hnaf bring on the onslaught of the monster Grendel, who is eventually slayed by Beowulf . The narrative of this narrative non merely celebrates his triumph but besides highlights the triumph of good over im lessonity. conflicting the classical heroic poem, Beowulf does non get down media RESs and has no supplication to the Muse, but it is an heroic poem however, granted the character of the hero, the events of great magnitude and besides the poetic composing. The verse form employs the usage of initial rhymes, which be given more significance than a rime. A important portion of the verse form does use the usage of rime as good. But over all it is evident from the scrutiny of the verse form that it was be for unwritten narrative as opposed to a literary piece.Beowulf is a glorious merger of more subjects, viz. the subjects of Christian and Pagan rites, of light and darkness which mirror good and evil, of Men and Monsters, of Treasures, of the importance of Genealogy, of community, of Wyrd and of good Kingship which runs analogue in the narrative. In the book Engli sh Epic and Heroic Poetry, the writer W. Macneile Dixon, stresses that Beowulf is was perchance non approximative poesy ( Pg. 14 ) 5 when it was composed. Though the linguistic communication of the verse form appears to be simple, the poets attain drawn on both the Pagan and Christian elements. Therefore Fitela, Scyld Scefing and Sigmund from ethnic mythology are offered as defenders of look and the monster Grendel s household line belongs to the family tree of Cain ( 107 and 1258-67 ) . Again we see a strong heathen influence as the Anglo-Saxon construct of Wryd is a subject by itself in the text. Beowulf calls upon Wyrd when he battles the first sea monster of the nine that he killed, when he competed with Breca. Subsequently he attributes his endurance to the Christian God. ( 569-574 ) . He besides refers to Wyrd at his concluding reference. Hrothgar besides thanks God when Beowulf defeats the monster Grendel. Through the text Hrothgar s advocate and warnings to Beowulf ref lect the Christian dogmas of generousness and the pattern of gold giving followed at that clip. Three of the smutty seven deathly wickednesss are besides mentioned as a warning to Beowulf. ( 1724-78 ) When Beowulf is deceasing Wiglaf tries to resuscitate him utilizing a religious rite with H2O which calls to mind the Baptism. Beowulf is really heathen in the mode in which he chooses to contend the firedrake entirely, and it is in maintaining with the codification of behavior of the warrior. His subsequent funeral, with a adult female and 12 considerations mourning him name to mind, Christ s adherents and Mary Magdalen forenoon Christ. Good and immorality is another subject running through and through the text and it is farther emphasised as we view the struggle of visible radiation and darkness, and heaven and glide pit. The text begins with a apposition of the light universe of the human warriors and their gay mead-hall with the dark universe of Grendel s prevaricator ( 417-426 ) . The universes invariably clash as Grendel s haterate and slaughter of the Danes brings Beowulf to him who is non afraid to face the darkness. ( 480-488 ) . Hrothgar s soldiers though brave do non last boulder clay dawn. Where Grendel symbolises darkness, his female parent symbolises snake pit and soberness that is dark at its darkest. Continuing with the subject of dark and light is the subject of adult male and monster. piece of music we are cognizant the Grendel is a monster ( 101-108 ) , we are besides reminded that possibly Beowulf is besides non wholly human, since he kills nine sea monsters, and about has the power equivalent to Grendel particularly since his feats of conveying the monsters to an terminal could easy be lines used for Grendel. ( 551-558 ) the subject of good triumphing over immorality besides runs through the heroic poem as even though Grendel is strong with crisp claws he is defeated non by the blade but by the bare custodies of the heroic Beowulf. ( 987 -990 ) Again we are reminded of Beowulf s strength which is more than human as he is contending Grendel s female parent, and he is protected by his extraordinary armor which is adorned with two rings demoing the friendly relationship of the Geates and the Danes and their support of Beowulf.The heroic poem is rich in item since it has a hero who harmonizing to Hegel 6 the hero Beowulf is waited on manus and pes, and has to fight for basic endurance, and the necessities of life such as genus Equus caballuss and arms and nutrient . The subject of hoarded wealth therefore besides highlights the implicit in economic sciences of a feudal society while heightening the heroic poem.Harmonizing to W.P.Ker, in his book Epic and Romance, he mentions that Beowulf was in all probability written by two Scribes and has a construction with a prologue at the beginning and a judging pronounced on the life of the hero at the terminal ( Pg.158 )BeowulfA has an omniscient ( omniscient ) storytell er. The narrative juncture remarks on the character s actions, and knows and is able to describe on what they think. The storyteller is cognizant of things- for illustration, the expletive on the firedrake s hoarded wealth ( lines 3066-75 ) -that are non known to the heroic poem s characters. Beowulf portions this all-knowing narrative with other heroic poems, such as theA Iliad, A theOdyssey, A and theA Aeneid, A but remains subtly different. The storyteller ofA BeowulfA makes an expressed connexion with the audience, admiting a shared background of cultural cognition, in the gap lines of the verse form A WeA have heard of the thriving of the throne of Denmark ( accent added ) . The storyteller s join is besides closely connected with those of the characters. Both use narrations in the same manner, to indicate a moral or to project ..

Developmental Milestones: Birth to Age Three Essay

After birth, babies go away start to grow at an incredibly fast rate during their commencement exercise year of life. As they grow, babies will experience developmental milestones. Developmental milestones are skills that babies will acquire such(prenominal) as recognizing the voices of their parents, smiling, making sounds, rolling over, sitting up. Throughout the rest of their young lives, shaverren will experience developmental milestones.Milestones are categorized into three areas of development motor development, language development, and social/emotional development. Some children will develop and achieve certain milestones in accordance with a milestone chart, or by the expectancy of a physician. While each child will experience developmental milestones, they will do so at varying rates. Every child will develop at their ingest rate, and within their own time.Although, there are special instances where development has been arrested due to an illness or premature birth. I n instances such as these, it is necessary for the parents to consult their physician to determine a developmental time line for their childs particular need. In general, it should be understood that babies will crawl, and take that first step, when the time is good for them.

Big Five Personality Traits and Age Essay

The aim of the present study was to inquire the comparison amongst the big five personality traits and males and females amidst 15 to 30 days and 50 years and over. 26 females and 26 males completed a Big 5 Personality Test online, utilise the internet. The hypothesis that, males and females, between the ages of 15 to 30 years, would sign higher in Openness to induce and extraversion than males and females who be 50 years and over, was supported. It was concluded that Openness to experience and extroversion were higher in those who were between the ages of 15 to 30 years old than those who were 50 years and old(a). found on these findings it could be verbalize that people between the ages of 15 to 30 are to a greater extent imaginative, outgoing and energetic than those who are 50 years and older, whereas those who are 50 years and over are more organised, reliable, kind and modest.IntroductionAge-related differences in personality have captured the attention of many peop le. Personality can be defined as an case-by-cases unique pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviour that are relatively stable over time and crosswise situations. (Grivas & Carter, 2010) Costa and McCrae (1999) had developed a five-factor model to explain the five big factors that make up a personality, the five factors are Openness to Experience (includes traits such as imaginative, curious, artistic, nervous, insightful and unconventional), Conscientiousness (includes traits such as organised, thorough, efficient, competent, reliable and self-disciplined), extroversion (includes traits such as outgoing, sociable, talkative, energetic, assertive and adventurous), agreeability (includes traits such as cooperative, compliance, sympathetic, kind, affectionate, forgiving and modest) and psychoneurosis (includes traits such as tense, anxious, moody, irritable, impulsive, self-conscious and vulnerability). Past research had been conducted to examine age differences in personality across the adult life span in five different cultures.Costa and McCrae (1999) used archetypes from Germany, Italy, Portugal, Croatia, and Korea and found that Extraversion and Openness to experience were lower in older actors than young participants whereas Conscientiousness and Agreeableness showed the reverse pattern. neuroticism was found to be lower in older participants than younger participants in Germany, Portugal, and Korea whereas age differences were not perceptible in Italy and Croatia. (Donnellan and Lucas, 2007) At present, a comparison between the five factors and age has not been investigated in males and females between the age of 15 to 30 years and 50 years and over. The aim of the present study was to investigate the comparison between the big five personality traits and males and females between 15 to 30 years and 50 years and over. It was hypothesised that males and females between the ages of 15 to 30 years would score higher in Openness to experience and E xtraversion than males and females who are 50 years and over.MethodParticipants- The sample consisted of 52 participants (26 males and 26 females). Participants were put into 2 crowds depending on age. 13 males and 13 females were between 15 and 30 years of age, and 13 males and 13 females were 50 years or over. Materials- A Big 5 Personality Test was completed online, which was accessed at the pursuance website http//www.outofservice.com/bigfive/ Procedure- Participants provided written informed consent and were informed of their withdrawal rights and confidentiality of their personal details. Participants were to complete a Big 5 Personality Test online which was accessed on the website. Participants received a score out of 100 for each of the traits. entropy was collected, summarised and interpreted.Figure 1 Mean scores on each of the five personality traits. As shown above, on average participants between the age of 15 to 30 scored 58 on Openness to experience and participant s who are 50 years and over got a score of 30. Participants who are between 15 to 30 years of age scored 50 on Conscientiousness whereas participants who are 50 years and over got a typify score of 75. Participants 15 to 30 years scored 66 on Extraversion and participants 50 years and older got a score of 35. Participants 50 years and over got a mean score of 60 on Agreeableness whereas participants who are 15 to 30 years got a score of 45. Participants who are 15 to 30 years of age got a mean score of 53 in Neuroticism and participants 50 years and older got a mean score of 45.DiscussionThe hypothesis that, males and females, between the ages of 15 to 30 years, would score higher in Openness to experience and Extraversion than males and females who are 50 years and over, was supported. These findings show that the younger age group (15-30 years) scored higher in Openness to experience and Extraversion whereas the older age group (50+ years) scored higher in Conscientiousness and A greeableness. The group consisting of 15 to 30 year old participants scored higher in Neuroticism but had close mean scores to those in the 50 years and over group. The results were comparable to the evidence found by Donnellan and Lucas (2007) that Extraversion and Openness to experience are negatively associated with age whereas Agreeableness is positively associated with age. Future research should focus on exploring the five-factor model in different age groups with alter cultural backgrounds.The present study has a number of limitations a limitation could be that the online test may not be valid so it does not accurately access personality. It is uncertain whether an adequate sample size was obtained. In addition, possible extraneous variables may have also played a role, including the participants mood at the current time of completing the online test and personal characteristics such as their motivation to complete the online personality test. These extraneous variables s hould be minimised or controlled for in future studies focusing on the five factors of a personality.In conclusion the present study found that Openness to experience and Extraversion were higher in those who were between the ages of 15 to 30 years old than those who were 50 years and older. Based on these findings it could be generalised that people between the ages of 15 to 30 are more imaginative, curious, outgoing, excitable and energetic than those who are 50 years and older, whereas those who are 50 years and over are more organised, reliable, kind, affectionate and modest. However, the findings of the present study should be considered with caution, given the number of limitations discussed above.ReferencesCosta, T.R. & McCrae, R.R. (1999) Age Differences in Personality crosswise the Adult Life Span Parallels in Five Cultures. Developmental Psychology, 35, 466-477 Costa, T.R. & McCrae, R.R. (2010) Theories of Personality Costa and McCrae Five-Factor Model. Psychology for the VCE schoolchild Units 1&2 5E, 531-534 Donnellan, M.B. & Lucas, R.E. (2007) Age Differences in the Big Five Across the Life Span narrate from Two National Samples. Psychology and Aging, 23, 558-566 Grivas, J. & Carter, L. (2010) Ways of Describing Personality. Psychology for the VCE Student Units 1&2 5E, Chapter 12

Non-Profit Marketing- Problems and Future Challenges

Marketing is being blamed for creating materialism in rules of order and besides for creating unnecessary demand for Products and Services, which the customer would non extradite asked for. It is beca handling of merchandise that the suppressed desires of the materialistic world bow over the moral man and loads into being a hedonist.But spate excessively feel that merchandise is responsible for what has happened to the world over the years and what give happen in the incoming. People belonging to their give lessons of thought argon of the opinion that market creates surplus in the form of profit and profit devising organization in turn, spend their returns on designing and discipline product and run, which enhanced the standard of alimentation of people and deliver desired value to consumers.The latter school is guided by Adam metalworkers principles of Invisible Hand Both the schools of thought try to rationalize the existence of merchandise as an economic do by, either to create and distri preciselye value or to deliver value to consumers. The scope of short letter was confined to economic transactions between the producer and marketers. Though each of them part of the tender Institutions and operated downstairs kind framework and structure, it was realized very late that merchandise behind in any case be utilise to address soci equal issues.In a traditional sense, marketing is broadly defined as process of cooking and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and dispersion of Ideas products and service to create ex spays that satisfy individual and organizational goals. A broader commentary of marketing delved into the process of kind exchange in which both producers and marketers looked into the effects of product conception discipline, design, distri saveion and delivery of products from kind point of view.Marketers also started viewing marketing tools and strategy as vehicles for application in the circumstance of n on-business enterprises like government, habitual sector and charities. Here onwards marketing was looked as a change vehicle and potent weapon for bringing desired effects on responsible corporate affable behavior use of marketing tools in the amicable context started in the middle of the last century when organization with and without profit motives started mass crawfish out to the woodss for a cause or an idea.A victorious social information campaign should take in a lofty level of monopoly so that thither should non be any contradicting messages to the design of the campaign. However, many of the social campaigns in a free society have complementary or replenishment campaign, which do not allow them to have certain level of monopoly. Let us take an specimen of an anti-smoking campaign. Though the message, smoking causes cancer is evident everywhere and firms marketing tobacco-related products mention this line over their products, but there be campaigns on cig artt es and liquor that promote lifestyle patterns.Mass and information-oriented campaigns depend on the favorable public attitude. Pre-existing attitudes ar easier to reinforce than to change. Non Business Marketing The Non- business Marketing involves marketing activities carried out by individuals and organizations to achieves well-nigh goals another(prenominal)wise than normal business goals explained in the form of returns on investitures, growth or amplify in the profit. We can gradationify non business marketing as social marketing and non profit marketing Types of Non-Business Marketing Social Marketing Concept for Non-Profit Organization NPONon-profit organizations work the motto of sub serving social interests. They may or may not charge for the services offered. The defined principal of social marketing makes it essential that the organizations where the conceptualization process is to switch on place social interests at the top of the agenda. The indemnity and strat egic decisions of non-profit organizations spell conceptualizing marketing focuses on satisfaction of consumers irrespective of the fact that they pay for the services offered or argon offered free of cost services .Social marketing is an activity of the non-profit organization. We husking social marketing employing the use of the marketing concept in an effort to persuade consumers to accept social ideas beneficial to society at galactic. These organizations vary from the trade and passkey associations to community, national and international organizations. We discover non-profit organization dealing with two unsounded market segments Donors and Clients. They subscribe to the objectives that cannot be mea trued in pecuniary terms. They atomic number 18 concerned with the people, places and ideas as wellnessy as product and services.The donors may or may not necessarily receive any products to bankers bill services in exchange for donations/contributions. It is also ep ochal that non-profit organizations offer products/services to those in need and however may not be able to absorb the cost of the product/services. For example the services offered by an developmental and health institutions occupy a place of outstanding significance and it is against this background that citizens of a parting have a right users of services cant be uniform and therefore they atomic number 18 supposed to work with the motto of serving the society without making profit.Because we find these services , of late , depending upon the support infrastructural facilities known as inputs, these service institutions engaged in offering the aid have a to catch surpluses so that the expansion, ripening, modernization programmes are practiced to activate the process of qualitative cum- quantitative transformation. It is in this context that we find these institutions working as a non-profit organization. More over we cant neglect the instrumentally of health services for the survival and growth of human beings.The basic medical aid is considered to be a fundamental right of all citizens of the country. It is but earthy that all segments of society are not in a position to afford the medical services if we find hospitals making profits. Of course, they need time honored development which requires infrastructural support. In other hand it is responsibility of non-profit organizations and the governments create awareness on blind beliefs, safe sex, cotangential diseases and social evils. Social organizations simulate the responsibility of regulating the government policies, these institutions are acquire out front and safeguard the social interest.They are extended multi-dimensional support through varied categories of organizations for that very purpose. If they start making profits, the social interests would not be protected. Thus, we find Social Welfare Organizations is working as a Non-Profit Organizations because they dont have a legitimate right to make profit. Non- Profit Organizations- Marketing NPO-Marketing We are well aware of instrumentality of non-profit organizations in sub serving social interests. This draws our attention on the professional excellence of people managing much(prenominal) organization.Because we find marketing a animal trainerial process, it is essential that professional managing the affairs is do aware of the confirming contribution of nonprofit organizations and develop marketing visions in the face of evolving changes. The formulation of a sound marketing mix receives significant when we think of conceptualizing and implementing modern marketing principles in non-profit organizations. A professionally sound make outr bears the efficiency of developing marketing resources in tune with the changing levels of expectations and therefore the task of satisfying the users become easier.We also find marketing a social process to be more specific while managing the non-profit organization s. It is right to mention that social marketing governs marketing of non-profit organizations because policy decision makers are supposed to word such a policy as to safeguard social interests. The professionals responsible for conceptualization and implementation bear the responsibility of formulating a strategy opening unsanded vistas for social transformation.The marketers, while promoting the interests of users, need to make sure that directly or indirectly, the policies or strategies are not to obstruct the process of social welfare. Of course they also need to protect organizational interests because we cant think of raising the contributions of non-profit organization to the process of social transformation unless they are financially sound. So, it is essential that marketers managing the affairs are well aware of the avenues for the mobilization of financial resources.EXISTANCE PROBLEMS BEFORE NON-PROFIT SECTOR A volume of the non-profit organizations are today facing ima ge chores of high magnitude. They are facing the occupation of professional deficiency. Financial cranch has made them potentially insolvent. The infrastructural constraints, managerial deficiency, lack of apply and committed people, decreasing contributions towards social transformation, increase domination of social climbers, increasing insensitivity among dissimilar segments of society, large scale misuse of money have fuelled the process of egeneration and the situations are found explosive. We find different types of non-profit organizations, that is to say , organizations such as Religious, Social Cultural, Knowledge, Protective, and Philanthropic, Political and Social today facing critical line of works, not completely in India but also in the globe. While we realize the outstanding contributions of non-profit organizations in the welfare activities, we find them in poor condition. The management legends feel that whatever problems we notice can be resolved if profess ionals take part in the innovation process.They strongly advocate in favors of developing the non-business sector with the help of fore around professionals. As of today, the multi-faceted challenges have made them potentially weak. 1. Problem of Professional Deficiency Professional excellence pull up stakes help in bringing the derailed systems back on its track. Of late most of the non-profit organizations face the problem of managerial deficiency. Financial resources are in able and whatever is generated is being mismanaged and misused. The traditionally managed units are facing strategically and tactical problems.They are controlled and dominated by social climbers. Bureaucrats dominate the management and control processes with ulterior motives and mission. Virtually a majority of them are at a collapsing stage needing a special care of the professionals. The world class professionals may contribute significantly to the development processes and the non-profit organizations ma y catch qualitative improvements. 2. Infrastructural constraints The non-profit organizations have been facing the problem of infrastructural constraints. Since they are not making profits, the infrastructural facilities are minimal.The government or infrastructural industries do not extend to them adequate support. Of late, infrastructural facilities have been playing a lead role in ameliorate the feel of services but due to inadequacy of infrastructure, they find it elusive to generate funds. This indwellingly has adversely affected the quality of their services and aggravating the image problem. They are unable to offer even key core services. 3. Lack of sanctified and committed people A majority of the non-profit organizations are facing the problem of nadequacy of quality people when they are not professionally sound, how we can expect from them personal commitment and value orientation. The development is a natural phenomenon. Education and training facilities should be of world class otherwise there can be no question of making available to the various sectors quality people without which all out efforts prove to be the effective. An organization dominated by non-performers cant survive. The NPOs, of course, do not realize the instrumentality of quality people in the process of qualitative or quantitative transformation. 4.Increasing domination of social climbers It is unfortunate that social climbers are dominating the management and control of a majority of the non-profit organizations. If professionals replace social climbers the present and future of an organization can be positive. Degeneration in the working of political organizations has led to this sorry state. The mafias, unsociable elements, criminals have started handling the political organizations who are responsible for formulating sound policies. The policy and strategic decisions made by the anti-social elements have thrown the organizations in the reverse gear.Political parties, non-government organizations, trade unions, educational institutions and the police department have failed in the discharge of their duties since they are dominated by the vested interests like social climbers and mafias. 5. Increasing insensitivity among masses The most significant reason aggravating the magnitude of the problem is increasing in sensitivity among different segments of the society. cipher considers it significant to perceive the problems correctly. All of us find it difficult to confront the mafias and anti-social elements. So, they are dominating a majority of the organizations.How we can forecast the future of non-profit organizations. Non-profit organization can contribute substantially to the process of social welfare, if masses are sensitive to the issues as otherwise all the development processes allow for receive unaccompanied Luke-warm or even negative response. Mass-participation is an effective prescription to resolve the problems of the society. 6. Lar ge-scale misuse of funds volitionally or unwillingly, we have to accept that a majority of the non-profit organizations are involved in promoting misuse of funds. This is because they are dominated by the social climbers.Fraudulent and unfair practices, unregulated, unproductive expenses are aggravating the problem of financial crunch which is instrumental in the formation of a vicious circle. Since they misuse funds, the donors and potential donors are reluctant to come forward with donations. The mobilization of donors is now complicated and the most important reason is the rampant misuse of funds by the Non-profit Organizations. 7. Decreasing contributions to the society A number of non-profit organizations have not made any significant contributions to the development process.The task of social transformation is their responsibility but they are not to increase their contributions. This has made it difficult for them to queer public recognition. Contribution of an individual o r an organization is closely related to their potentials and if they are potentially bankrupt, we cannot expect anything concrete from them. This problem indicates that the non-profit or non-business sector is facing numerous problems. We find different types of NPOs and in the Indian context by and large most of them are sailing in the alike boat.In the coming years, the magnitude of problem is likely to aggregate because nobody seems interested in settle the issues. The non-profit organizations frankincense need an effective prescription, based on a big push theory, in which aggressive marketing practices can be effective. Since it is a social problem, social participation is a must. Mass-participation for mass-welfare will be useful in different ways. FUTURE CHLENGES OF NON-PROFIT ORGANISATIONS NPOs IN INDIA NPOs are facing several problems and this delays their redressed are and even there is no bright future.In the Indian context where the people are depending on the contrib utions of non-profit organizations, rational solutions alone can improve their functioning. Against this background, the non-profit organizations should resort to groundbreaking marketing practices. If we look into some of the important non-profit organizations, their performance results are very disappointing. ?Non-Government Organizations NGOs What Do Non-governmental Organizations Do? Nongovernmental organizations are one group of players who are active in the efforts of international development and increasing the welfare of poor people in poor countries.Nongovernmental organizations are largely staffed by selfless employees and volunteers working towards ideological, rather than financial, ends. Their founders are often intense, creative individuals who sometimes come up with a new product to deliver or a better way to deliver existing goods and services. They are funded by donors, many of them poor or anonymous. Yet these attributes should not be unfamiliar to economists. De velopment NGOs, like home(prenominal) nonprofits, can be understood in the framework of not-for-profit contracting.It is easy to conjure up a refulgence vision of how the efforts of NGOs could focus on problem solving without getting bogged down in corruption or bureaucracy. But the strengths of the NGO model have some corresponding weaknessesin agenda setting, decision making, and resource allocation. We highlight three factors in explaining the increased presence of NGOs in the last a a few(prenominal)(prenominal) decades a panache towards more outsourcing of government services new ventures by would-be not-for-profit entrepreneurs and the increasing professionalization of existing NGOs.The blush responsibility of a government is to promote social welfare so that weaker segment and neglected region of the country get an opportunity to develop but in the large and high populated courtiers it is not possible to the government to look after all the sections of the society and th e government endorsed some of the welfare programes to the trust and registered NGOs. In India, we observed that the large numbers of NGOs are involving different types welfare programmes in different areas in the country.The objective of any mission is to promote social interests by offering a number of services to various segments of society in the country. In this process, they get financial aid and other incentives from government, foreign donors, international and national agencies. Of late, there is negative trend since a majority of the NGOs work with different motives. The domination of social climbers in according and approving grants has virtually changed the scenario. A good number of international and national NGOs i. e.UNDP, CARE-India, World Vision, Action Aid, Plan International, YMCA, CHAI, States Lively Hood Projects, RASS-Tirupathi, ARTIC-Srikakulam, THREAD-Orissa, BASIX-Hyderabad, Ajim Preamjee Foundation and BCT-Visakhapatnam only exist on papers. With the suppo rt of political leaders and bureaucrats, they succeed in transforming even the profit-making bodies in the NGOs. The recent report of CAPART bears recommendation to this almost all the states, the NGOs have proved to be liability because except a very few cases, almost all of them are engaged in maturing malpractices.The unfair practices promoted by the social climbers and a few the bureaucrats lead to unhealthy development. The sanction and approval of the projects are seldom based on the potentials of persons to promote and manage the project but on the pressure and play they can wield. No one is opposed to the development of NGOs since this help the downtrodden communities, women & Child, HIV/AIDS and neglected regions but the unfair practices should be eliminated. Against this background, there are cases in favor of conceptualizing social marketing by the NGOs.The NGOs have no legal right to make profits. Therefore, the professionals, with innovative marketing practices, shoul d try to improve their working conditions so that they can contribute significantly to the development process and succeed in removing the image problem. The marketing professionals involved in the process will be able to achieve qualitative improvements with the help of an innovative service mix. Currently, the NGOs are facing numerous problems.The increasing influence of social climbers and wrong people in the power corridors should be minimized and this is possible only when we keep apart due weight age to the approval and sanction process. The professionals, policy makers, promoters, social reformist and activists have to agree the priority areas for future success. ?educational Institutions In the category of non-profit organizations, we find educational institutions playing an outstanding role. At almost all the levels, educational institutions experience numerous problems. The state policy makers should herefore think over the problem on a priority basis. At the primary, se condary and higher levels, the educational institutions are in a depleted condition. How can we talk about the government managed institutions when a majority of the private institutions present a very gloomy picture? On the one hand, there is a change in the education system because in todays conditions, expensive infrastructural facilities play an important role in improving the quality of education but because of paucity of fund, they find it is difficult to develop even the basic infrastructural facilities.The libraries, labs, back up infrastructural facilities and the quality of efficiency play an important role in improving the quality of education, but a majority of the government managed educational institutions find it difficult to promote the quality of their service mix, party, on work out of financial crunch and partly because of professional deficiency. With an increasing pressure of population, the demand is increasing. The users and potential users have high expect ations since they witness their counterparts elsewhere in the world available of world class educational facilities which are denied to them.Weaker sections of the society and the illiterate segments need educational assistance as they cannot afford the expensive educational facilities offered by some of the privately managed schools and colleges. The universities also present the same picture. Right from the primary to the higher, almost all the centers are in a poor condition and two important reasons obstructing them are inadequacy of finance and lack of professional excellence. The syllabi of the traditionally managed educational institutions are not in tune with the emerging trends and evolving developments.There is no corresponding apprisal between the formal and informal education, track to a number of allied problems. The public fail to get informal education and this obstructs the process of developing quality people. The limited number of people getting education in the world class institutions may be professionally sound but a majority of them lack informal education. They are totally unaware of traffic and civic sense and aesthetic set which keep them ignorant of work culture, conviction and commitment.So, it is necessary that educational institutions in general make escort that both the streams of imparting educational assistance, formal and informal, are given due importance. A majority of the problems are due to inadequacy of finance and the process of mobilization of financial resources is difficult. The image problem is obstructing their professionalized efforts. They find it difficult to raise the fee structure and the donors and potential donors are disinterested in their problems. The grants from government or other agencies have shrunk.Thus they are facing a number of problems on the financial front. There appears to be no way for an improvement in their financial position. It is against this background that we recommend the urgency of conceptualizing social marketing principles by these educational institutions. Professionalize services open the doors for multi-dimensional improvements. The marketing professionals using innovative marketing strategy will be able to improve their position. Of late there has been an attitudinal change as the parents in general are quite interested in quality education.In a majority of the cases they prefer to avail of quality services even if the fee structure is high. Of late expenditure on education is considered a productive investment and this has led to a qualitative transformation. Financial institutions and commercial banks are now evincing interest in resolving the problems of the weaker sections of the society who are not unable to afford expensive quality services. Where the educational institutions are perform well and playing a positive role in the development of quality people, it is quite natural that people develop a positive attitude towards them.This will also mo tivate the donors and potential donors since they witness productive use of their money. This broadens the avenues for the mobilization of financial resources. Since they have been making positive contributions to the process of development, the government would also evince interest in providing adequate grants. Then the social welfare organizations too would come forward to solve their financial problems. The marketing professionals, with the help of a sound service mix, will be successful in improving the quality of the core and peripheral services.The core services can help them in regaining the lost image, while the peripheral services will add additional attractions to their service-mix. When the educational institutions find themselves financially sound, development requirements will be conveniently fulfilled. The marketing professionals will find it easier to promote since they have made positive contributions. The public will become aware of the outstanding performance of th e educational institutions leading to a better mage. The fee structure should be made optimal to improve the financial health of the educational institutions. The users will not hesitate to invest because they find justifications for the same. The infrastructural facilities can be enriched and the development of faculty would get due attention Thus, the marketing professionals can play a positive role and the educational institutions would emerge as an industry contributing significantly to the process of developing quality people.The mission will then be achieved since the vision has changed. The organizational goals of improving the quality, satisfying the users, developing the educational institution and increasing the number of satisfied group of users can conveniently be accomplished with the removal of image problem and the educational institutions will start contributing significantly to the process of human capital formation counterpart socio-economic transformation. Conclu sionTo strengthening the Non-profit/Not-for-Profit/NGOs sector through a radical restructuring of the government machinery, a radical change in the prevailing mindset of policy makers and corporative giants and a radical reallocation of resources in order to make the people themselves the principal authors of their own future. They must be provided easy access to economic advantages they frequently are not entitled to benefit. They must not be treated as beggars/slavers and dependent downtrodden segments of society but as equal partners.Such a dramatic change requires a vigorous, broad-based participatory dialogue and committed leadership- leadership with pass by vision and daunting courage.References 1. Marketing Management Second Edition-Tapan K Panda-Excel Books, New Delhi 2. Marketing Non-Profit Organizations First Edition- S. M. Jha-Himalaya Publishing, Mumbai 3. Educational Marketing- Services Marketing -2002- S. M. Jha-Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai 4. Marketing for Non-P rofit Organizations- 2004-P. kotler-PHI 5. CAPART Reporting Floating NGO is Good Business-TOI/23/10/01

The American Experience Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The American date - Term Paper ExampleThus, there were some forms in the eighteenth-century writing that did not conform to the cosmopolitan notions about genres and other forms. There were many interesting themes which could be found in the text of letter from an American Farmer. The features included the nature of an American character such as their work ethic, the duties of an individual, anti-intellectualism, the farmer seen as a prototype representing the American character, the treatment of the slaves, the way of viewing modernistic immigrants together with their ethnicity, literary resonances that showed the hunt from the civilization as in Letter XII and stereotypical nature of the American characters. The Letter was shared out into twelve sections that depict the way American soil, its biography, slavery, and culture was perceived by Crevec?ur. He was probably the low gear writer who described Europeans by employing different American English terms. He emphasized the l ife seen on the American frontier and tried to explore the idea behind the so-called American Dream. In his writings, he portrayed American society to be characterized by the principles stressing on the equal opportunity as substantially as self-determination. His work was successful in providing a lot of useful information together with an catch of the presumed New World which helped in creating utopian American identity (Crevecoeur xi). This was done for the prevailing European minds by describing the area as an entire country and not just another regional colony. The writing in The Letters celebrated the American ingenuity and its uncomplicated lifestyle. It was written to describe the inclusion and the acceptance of ghostly dynamics in a society that was created from several varieties of ethnic as well as cultural backgrounds. The letter that were written by him depicted the rural life of America. He introduced the cultivation of several European crops, notably the alfalfa, in the American country and the American potato in Normandy. He tried to fancy America from the purview of a farmer. He tried to find the answer to the question what actually consisted of American, this unfermented American man. He is an American, who, leaving behind him all his ancient prejudices and manners, receives new ones from the new mode of life he has embraced, the new government he obeys, and the new rank he holds (Crevecoeur 54). The American is a new man, who acts upon new principles he must, therefore, entertain new ideas, and form new opinions. From involuntary idleness, servile dependence, penury, and useless labor, he has passed to toils of a very different nature, rewarded by ample subsistence. --This is an American (Crevecoeur 56) Literary analysis Crevecoeur in his letters portrayed his love for nature from the perspective of a farmer. His respect towards nature and his compassion towards all quick beings are obvious and is the principal backdrop of all his let ters. Crevecoeur feels that man and nature are interlinked, and without the right proportion in nature, man cannot survive. Similarly, mans compassion and caring attitude can preserve the holiness of nature. He also feels that Americans do not display their compassion towards nature in the way that is needed.